檢視 2023年維爾紐斯峰會的原始碼

<div style="float:right; margin:-10px 0 0 10px">

{| class="wikitable"

! <p style="background: #FFFF99; color: #00DB20; margin:auto; padding:5px 0; "> 2023年維爾紐斯峰會 </p>

|-

|<center><img src="https://csis-website-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/styles/1200x522/s3/2023-07/GettyImages-1526473703_cropped.jpg?VersionId=gBQOc9xoEPorLEz80unGJ0p6cRCCvMQK&itok=A0yJo0jw" width="280" > </center>

<small>[https://www.csis.org/analysis/what-happened-natos-vilnius-summit 圖片來自「 Center for Strategic & International Studies」] <br>

'''日期'''　　　	2023年7月11日至12日<br>

'''地點'''　　　	[[立陶宛]][[維爾紐斯]]<br>

</small>

|}

</div>
'''2023年维尔纽斯峰会'''是于2023年7月11日至12日在[[立陶宛]]首都[[维尔纽斯]]举行的[[北約峰會|北约峰会]]。此次峰会是在[[2022年馬德里峰會|2022年马德里峰会]]期间正式提出的<ref>[https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_196951.htm  Madrid Summit Declaration]，Press Release (2022) 095Issued on 29 Jun. 2022，NATO</ref><ref>[https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_208802.htm NATO Secretary General announces dates for 2023 Vilnius Summit]，14 February 2023 -15 February，NATO</ref>，在峰会上，世界领导人讨论[[2022年俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭|俄罗斯入侵乌克兰]]以及[[乌克兰]]和[[瑞典]]未来加入[[北大西洋公约组织|北约]]问题。 <ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/10/nato-membership-of-ukraine-sweden-in-focus-at-vilnius-summit NATO membership of Ukraine, Sweden in focus at Vilnius summit]，11 July 2023-11 July 2023，Russia-Ukraine war Aljazeera News</ref>

== 背景 ==
此次峰会是在[[2022年俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭|俄罗斯入侵乌克兰]]的背景下举行。[[乌克兰]]总统[[弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基]]在2023年1月向[[立陶宛议会]]发表的讲话，称此次峰会具有重大意义。<ref>[https://www.eurointegration.com.ua/eng/news/2023/01/13/7154097/ Zelenskyy Hopes That NATO Summit in Lithuania Will Be Fateful ]，13 January 2023，European Pravda </ref>乌克兰表示希望在维尔纽斯峰会上被正式邀请加入北约。<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-wants-nato-invite-vilnius-summit-urges-courage-zelenskiy-aide-2023-06-29/ Ukraine wants NATO invite at Vilnius summit, urges 'courage,' Zelenskiy aide says]，29 June 2023，Reuters</ref>2023年7月8日，美国总统[[乔·拜登]]表示，乌克兰当时尚未准备好加入北约。<ref>[https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/biden-ukraine-not-ready-nato-013631929.html|access-date=2023-07-08 Biden: Ukraine is not ready for NATO membership ]，Yahoo Life，2023-07-08</ref>截至峰会召开时，已有24个成员国正式宣布支持[[烏克蘭—北約關係|乌克兰（在條件允許時）加入北约]]。 <ref>[https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-polytics/3733222-portugal-supports-ukraines-membership-in-nato-when-conditions-allow.html Portugal supports Ukraine's membership in NATO when conditions allow]，ukrinform.net，2023-07-08</ref> <ref>[https://www.cnn.com/2023/07/07/europe/turkey-ukraine-nato-membership-intl/index.html Turkey's Erdogan says Ukraine deserves ]，CNN，2023-07-07</ref>在2023年7月4日峰会之前，立陶宛前总统[[达利娅·格里包斯凯特]]批评西方领导人未能阻止俄罗斯的侵略，并表示拒绝邀请乌克兰加入北约将是一个错误。<ref>[https://www.lrt.lt/en/news-in-english/19/2027748/europe-said-baltics-were-right-about-russia-but-is-ignoring-us-again-says-lithuania-s-former-president Europe said Baltics were right about Russia, but is ignoring us again, says Lithuania's former president]， LRT，4 July 2023</ref>

继[[芬蘭—北約關係|芬兰于2023年初加入北约]]后，许多北约成员国一直期望[[土耳其]]和[[匈牙利]]能够在峰会前完成批准程序并允许瑞典加入。 <ref>[https://www.lrt.lt/en/news-in-english/19/2024473/lithuania-hopes-sweden-will-join-nato-ahead-of-vilnius-summit-despite-hungary-s-objection Lithuania hopes Sweden will join NATO ahead of Vilnius summit despite Hungary's objection]，LRT，2023-06-29</ref>但由于土耳其的反对，目前尚不清楚土耳其是否会在峰会召开前支持瑞典的申请。 <ref>[https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/swedens-nato-bid-could-face-delay-beyond-vilnius-summit-western-official-2023-06-28/ Sweden's NATO bid could face delay beyond Vilnius summit - Western official]，Reuters，28 June 2003</ref>

由于与[[中国]]和[[俄罗斯]]的紧张关系日益加剧，[[澳大利亚|澳洲]][[中华人民共和国|、]][[俄罗斯|日本]][[日本|、]][[新西兰]]和[[大韩民国|韩国]]将出席此次峰会，以加强与北约的关系。 <ref>[https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/opinions_213474.htm Statement of the NATO Secretary General with representatives of Australia, New Zealand, Japan and South Korea]，NATO，5 April 2023</ref> <ref>[https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2023/07/02/national/nato-leaders-summit-japan-preview/ With eye on China, Japan to deepen ties with NATO at key leaders' summit]，The Japan Times2 July 2023</ref>

== 峰會 ==
美国总统[[乔·拜登]]和其他一些领导人于峰会前夕开始抵达[[维尔纽斯]]。 <ref>[https://www.lrt.lt/en/news-in-english/19/2031575/us-president-joe-biden-arrives-in-lithuania-photos US President Joe Biden arrives in Lithuania ]，10 July 2023，LRT</ref>晚上，秘书长[[延斯·斯托尔滕贝格]]主持了土耳其总统[[雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安]]和瑞典首相[[乌尔夫·克里斯特松]]的会晤。经过几个小时的谈判，斯托尔滕贝格宣布埃尔多安同意解除瑞典加入北约的障碍并确保尽快批准。 <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-66160319 Turkey's Erdogan to back Sweden joining Nato - Stoltenberg]，10 July 2023，10 July 2023，BBC News</ref>消息公布后不久，匈牙利总理[[奧班·維克多|欧尔班·维克托]]政府表示，匈牙利現將不再阻止瑞典加入北約。  <ref>[https://www.reuters.com/world/turkey-sweden-locked-talks-break-impasse-over-nato-membership-2023-07-10/ Turkey gives green light to Swedish NATO membership ]，Reuters，2023-07-11</ref>

斯托尔滕贝格表示，在[[俄乌战争]]仍在进行期间，乌克兰不会成为北约成员国，此次峰会并不意味着正式邀请乌克兰加入北约，尽管各国对于[[乌克兰]]是否能够於戰爭結束後加入北约仍存在分歧。 <ref>[https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/whats-table-nato-vilnius-summit-2023-07-10/ Explainer: What's on the table for NATO at Vilnius summit?]，11 July 2023，Reuters</ref>乌克兰总统[[弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基|泽连斯基]]表示，他希望战争结束后北约尽快允许乌克兰加入。然而，其他国家担心乌克兰如此迅速地加入北约可能会增加俄罗斯的侵略性，并使战争进一步拖延。 <ref>[=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-66157625 Nato summit: Ukraine's future membership to be discussed by leaders in Vilnius]，BBC News，2023-07-10</ref>斯托尔滕贝格还表示，他希望峰会能够为乌克兰制定一个未来几年的长期援助计划：“我们已经承诺提供5亿欧元（5.48亿美元）用于满足关键需求，包括燃料、医疗用品、排雷设备和浮桥。我们还将帮助建设乌克兰的安全和国防部门，包括军事医院。我们将帮助乌克兰从苏联时代的装备和标准过渡到北约时代的装备和标准。”

斯托尔滕贝格還表示，北约成员国同意将不少于GDP的2%用于国防开支。
<ref>[https://sputniknews.cn/amp/20230712/1051719242.html 北约秘书长：北约成员国同意将不少于GDP的2%用于国防开支]，2023年7月12日, 俄罗斯卫星通讯社</ref>

2023年7月11日，北约发表了一份公报，称中华人民共和国运用广泛的政治、经济和军事手段来扩大其全球影响力，同时对其战略、意图和军事集结保持不透明。中华人民共和国的恶意混合行动和网络行动及其针对盟国的对抗性言论和虚假信息损害联盟的安全。北约秘书长斯托尔滕贝格在峰会上对记者表示，虽然中国不是北约的敌手，但它卻挑战基于规则的国际秩序，拒绝谴责俄罗斯对乌克兰的战争，威胁台湾，并进行大规模的军事集结。<ref>[https://www.voachinese.com/a/china-reiterates-opposition-to-nato-view-on-china-20230712/7177274.html  中国谴责北约峰会公报对华取态 反对北约‘东进亚太’ ]，美国之音，2023-07-12 </ref>

2023年7月12日，G7在北约峰会发表联合宣言，宣布将确保乌克兰长期安全。<ref>[https://rfi.my/9jMd G7在北约峰会发表联合宣言 将确保乌克兰长期安全]，法國國際廣播電台，2023-07-12</ref>

== 與會者 ==

{| class="wikitable"
|+註解
! scope="row" style="background-color:#CFECEC; width:3em;" |
|非北约成员国
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
!國家或組織
!代表者
!職銜
! class="unsortable" |參考
|-
! scope="row" |'''北大西洋公約組織'''
|[[延斯·斯托尔滕贝格]]
|[[北大西洋公约组织秘书长|秘书长]]
|<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/6/13/nato-chief-offers-vilnius-summit-preview-at-white-house NATO chief offers Vilnius summit preview at White House]，Al Jazeera，2023-06-25</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |阿爾巴尼亞
|[[埃迪·拉马]]
|總理
|<ref>[https://euronews.al/en/nato-summit-in-lithuania-rama-albania-ready-to-commit-additional-troops/ NATO summit in Lithuania, Rama: Albania ready to commit additional troops]，10 July 2023，Euronews Albania</ref>
|- bgcolor="#CFECEC"
! scope="row" style="background-color:#CFECEC" |澳洲
|[[安東尼·阿爾巴尼斯]]
|總理
|<ref>[https://vilnius.lt/en/2023/05/29/ahead-of-the-nato-summit-in-vilnius-what-vilnius-residents-and-visitors-need-to-know/ Ahead of the NATO Summit in Vilnius: What Vilnius Residents and Visitors Need to Knowʼ]，Vilnius City Municipality，2023-06-22</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/australia-prime-minister-attend-nato-summit-july-2023-04-21/ Australia prime minister to attend NATO summit in Julyʼ]，Reuters，2023-06-27</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |比利時
|[[亞歷山大·德克羅]]
|總理
|
|-
! scope="row" |保加利亞
|[[尼古拉·鄧科夫]]
|總理
|<ref>[https://www.novinite.com/articles/220602/Bulgaria%E2%80%99s+PM+will+lead+the+Delegation+to+the+NATO+Summit Bulgaria's PM will lead the Delegation to the NATO Summit]，Novinite.com - Sofia News Agency，27 June 2023</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |加拿大
|[[賈斯汀·杜魯多|賈斯汀·杜魯道]]
|總理
|<ref>[https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/prime-minister-justin-trudeau-travelling-to-latvia-and-nato-summit-in-lithuania-1.6466709 Prime Minister Justin Trudeau travelling to Latvia and NATO summit in Lithuania]，CTV News，4 July 2023</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |克羅埃西亞
|[[佐蘭·米蘭諾維奇]]
|總統
|<ref>[https://glashrvatske.hrt.hr/en/politics/we-are-going-to-vilnius-to-show-solidarity-but-croatia-has-no-say-on-important-decisions--10856006 We are going to Vilnius to show solidarity, but Croatia has no say on important decisions"]，The Voice of Croatia，2023-06-27</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |捷克共和國
|[[彼得·帕維爾]]
|總統
|
|-
! scope="row" |丹麥
|[[梅特·佛瑞德里克森]]
|總理
|<ref>[https://www.dvidshub.net/video/889777/arrival-danish-prime-minister-nato-summit-vilnius|access-date=2023-07-1 Arrival of Danish Prime Minister at the NATO Summit in Vilnius]，DVIDS，2023-07-13</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |愛沙尼亞
|[[卡娅·卡拉斯|卡婭·卡拉斯]]
|總理
|<ref>[https://twitter.com/kajakallas/status/1677659297600217091?s=20 Greetings to NAFOfellas at the first-ever NAFOSummit in Vilnius. NAFO is a living example of how to disarm Russian disinformation with humour, intelligence and enthusiasm. Behind every Fella is a real person who believes in Ukraine's victory. Thank you for your service.]，Twitter，2023-07-09</ref>
|- bgcolor="#CFECEC"
| rowspan="2" style="background-color:#CFECEC" |歐洲聯盟
|[[夏尔·米歇尔]]
|[[欧洲理事会主席]]
|
|- bgcolor="#CFECEC"
|[[乌尔苏拉·冯德莱恩]]
|[[歐盟委員會主席]]
|
|-
! scope="row" |	芬蘭
|[[绍利·尼尼斯托]]
|總統
|<ref>[http://www.presidentti.fi/en/press-release/president-niinisto-to-nato-summit-in-vilnius President Niinistö to NATO Summit in Vilnius]，Office of the President of the Republic of Finland 2024，9 July 2023</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |法國
|[[埃马纽埃尔·马克龙|艾曼紐·馬克宏]]
|總統
|<ref>[https://tvpworld.com/70078931/macron-and-nausda-discuss-ukraine-crisis-strengthening-nato-defense Macron and Nausėda discuss Ukraine crisis strengthening NATO defense]，tvpworld.com，2023-06-27</ref>
|- bgcolor="#CFECEC"
! scope="row" style="background-color:#CFECEC" |喬治亞
|Ilia Darchiashvili
|外交部長
|<ref>[https://civil.ge/archives/551762|url-status=liv Foreign Minister Ilia Darchiashvili Attends the NATO Vilnius Summit]，Civil.ge，2023-07-11</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |德國
|[[奥拉夫·朔尔茨]]
|總理
|<ref>[https://www.delfi.lt/video/aktualijos/tautiskos-giesmes-giedojimas-lietuvoje-ir-visame-pasaulyje.d?id=9385081 Tautiškos giesmės" giedojimas Lietuvoje ir visame pasaulyje]，Delfi，2023-07-06</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |希臘
|[[基里亞科斯·米佐塔基斯]]
|總理
|<ref>[https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20230626-turkiye-erdogan-greece-mitsotakis-to-meet-at-july-nato-summit/ Turkiye Erdogan, Greece Mitsotakis to meet at July NATO summit]，2023-06-27，Middle East Monitor</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |匈牙利
|[[奧班·維克多]]
|總理
|
|-
! scope="row" |冰島
|[[卡特琳·雅各布斯多蒂爾]]
|總理
|
|-
! scope="row" |義大利
|[[喬治亞·梅洛尼]]
|總理
|
|- bgcolor="#CFECEC"
! scope="row" style="background-color:#CFECEC" |{{Flag|Japan}}
|[[岸田文雄]]
|首相
|<ref>[https://www.nippon.com/en/news/yjj2023062101009/|url-status=live Japan's Kishida to Visit Europe, Middle East in July]，nippon.com，2023-06-21</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |拉脫維亞
|[[阿特爾斯·克里斯亞尼斯·卡林斯]]
|總理
|<ref>[https://eng.lsm.lv/article/society/defense/11.07.2023-karins-at-nato-summit-swedens-accession-will-change-baltic-military-situation.a516093/ Kariņš at NATO summit: Sweden's accession will change Baltic military situatio]，LSM，11 July 2023</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |立陶宛
|[[吉塔納斯·瑙塞達]]（主辦）
|總統
|
|-
! scope="row" |盧森堡
|[[格扎维埃·贝泰尔]]
|總理
|<ref>[https://gouvernement.lu/fr/actualites/agenda/2023/07-juillet/11-bettel-bausch-asselborn-nato.html Xavier Bettel, François Bausch et Jean Asselborn participeront au Sommet de l'OTAN à Vilnius]，盧森堡政府，10 July 2023</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |蒙特內哥羅
|[[雅科夫·米拉托維奇]]
|總統
|
|-
! scope="row" |荷蘭
|[[馬克·呂特]]
|總理
|
|- bgcolor="#CFECEC"
! scope="row" style="background-color:#CFECEC" |紐西蘭
|[[克里斯·希普金斯]]
|總理
|<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
|-
! scope="row" |北馬其頓
|[[斯特沃·彭达罗夫斯基]]
|總統
|
|-
! scope="row" |挪威
|[[約納斯·加爾·斯特勒]]
|總理
|<ref>[https://www.regjeringen.no/no/aktuelt/historic-summit-for-norway-the-nordic-countries-and-nato/id2989774/ Historic Summit for Norway, the Nordic countries and NATO]，11 July 2023，Government of Norway</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |波蘭
|[[安杰伊·杜达]]
|總統
|<ref>[https://www.prezydent.pl/dla-mediow/zapowiedzi-prasowe/udzial-prezydenta-rp-w-szczycie-nato-w-wilnie-,70057 Participation of the Polish President in the NATO Summit in Vilnius]，prezydent，2023-07-10</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |葡萄牙
|[[安東尼奧·科斯塔]]
|總理
|<ref>[https://www.portugal.gov.pt/en/gc23/communication/news-item?i=nato-accepts-portuguese-proposal-to-focus-on-africa-more-closely NATO accepts Portuguese proposal to focus on Africa more closely]，11 July 2023，Government of Portugal</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |羅馬尼亞
|[[克劳斯·约翰尼斯]]
|總統
|<ref>[https://www.agerpres.ro/english/2023/07/11/president-iohannis-to-attend-nato-summit-in-vilnius--1137823 President Iohannis to attend NATO summit in Vilnius]，National Press Agency AGERPRES，11 July 2023</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |斯洛伐克
|[[苏珊娜·查普托娃]]
|總統
|
|-
! scope="row" |斯洛維尼亞
|[[罗伯特·戈洛布]]
|總理
|<ref>[https://english.sta.si/3191489/golob-swedens-accession-to-nato-signals-change-in-its-doctrine Golob: Sweden's accession to NATO signals change in its doctrine]，Slovenian Press Agency，11 July 2023</ref>
|- bgcolor="#CFECEC"
! scope="row" style="background-color:#CFECEC" |韓國
|[[尹锡悦]]
|總統
|<ref>[https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2023/06/120_352294.html President Yoon to attend NATO Summit in Lithuania next month]，KoreaTimes，2023-06-04</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |西班牙
|[[佩德羅·桑切斯]]
|總理
|
|- bgcolor="#CFECEC"
! scope="row" style="background-color:#CFECEC" |瑞典
|[[乌尔夫·克里斯特松]]
|總理
|
|-
! scope="row" |	土耳其
|[[雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安]]
|總統
|<ref name=":2" />
|- bgcolor="#CFECEC"
! scope="row" style="background-color:#CFECEC" |烏克蘭
|[[弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基]]
|總統
|<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/zelenskiy-plans-attend-july-nato-summit-vilnius-ukraine-ambassador-2023-02-22/ Zelenskiy plans to attend July NATO summit in Vilnius - Ukraine ambassador]，Reuters，2023-06-22</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |英國
|[[里希·苏纳克]]
|總理
|<ref>[https://inews.co.uk/news/joe-biden-king-charles-rishi-sunak-uk-visit-2448849 Joe Biden will meet with King Charles at Windsor Castle on UK visit this month]，3 July 2023，inews</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |美國
|[[乔·拜登]]
|總統
|<ref>[https://www.euronews.com/2023/05/08/the-price-of-nato-sky-high-summit-costs-raise-questions-for-lithuanias-government Sky-high NATO summit costs raise questions in Lithuania]，euronews，2023-05-08</ref>
|}

==視頻 ==

<div style="float:left; margin:10px 10px 10px 10px">

{{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IcuZt_rw_x0

|alignment=center

|dimensions=480

|container=frame

|description=Zelensky, Biden, More Leaders Attend NATO-Ukraine Commission Meeting At Summit In Vilnius, Lithuania }}

</div> 

<div style="float:left; margin:10px 10px 10px 10px">

{{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=39wZjLqI8sw

|alignment=center

|dimensions=480

|container=frame

|description= North Atlantic Council at the NATO Summit in Vilnius 🇱🇹 - opening remarks, 11 JUL 2023}}

</div> {{-}}


==參考連結==
{{Reflist}}

==外部連結==
*[https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_217320.htm Vilnius Summit Communiqué Press Release (2023) 001Issued on 11 Jul. 2023 ]
*[https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/events_216418.htm 2023 NATO Vilnius Summit Programme Vilnius Lithuania 11 Jul. 2023 - 12 Jul. 2023|Last updated: 12 Jul. 2023 19:11 ]
*[https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/ATAG/2023/751400/EPRS_ATA(2023)751400_EN.pdf Towards NATO's 2023 Vilnius Summit - European Parliamen]
*[https://www.csis.org/analysis/what-happened-natos-vilnius-summit What Happened at NATO's Vilnius Summit? ]
*[ ]

[[Category:北約峰會]]