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| − | {{NoteTA
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| − | |G1 = 地名
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| − | {{Infobox religious group
| + | '''穆斯林'''（'''مسلم'''），即信仰[[伊斯兰教]]者，也是伊斯兰信徒的自称。“穆斯林”一词音译自阿拉伯语“مسلم”，其原意为“顺从（信仰）者”<ref>cite web |url = http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Muslim |title=Muslim |website = etymonline.com </ref>。 |
| − | | group = 穆斯林
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| − | | native_name = {{lang-ar|مسلم}}
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| − | | population = '''18亿''' 全球 <small>(2015年)</small><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/04/06/why-muslims-are-the-worlds-fastest-growing-religious-group/ |title = Why Muslims are the world’s fastest-growing religious group |accessdate=23 August 2017}}</ref><ref name="JDB">{{cite web |url = http://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/religious-projection-table/2010/number/all/ |title=The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010–2050|date=2 April 2015 |publisher=Pew Research Center|access-date=22 February 2017 }}</ref><ref name="pewmuslim1">{{cite web |url = http://features.pewforum.org/muslim-population/ |title = Muslim Population by Country |work=The Future of the Global Muslim Population |publisher = Pew Research Center |accessdate=22 December 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110209094904/http://www.pewforum.org/The-Future-of-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx |archivedate = 9 February 2011 }}</ref>
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| − | | founder = [[穆罕默德]]<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |author=Alford T. Welch, Ahmad S. Moussalli, Gordon D. Newby |title=Muḥammad |encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World |editor=John L. Esposito |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |year=2009 |url = http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0550 }}</ref>
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| − | | image =
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| − | | caption =
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| − | | region1 = {{flag|Indonesia}}
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| − | | pop1 = 209,120,000
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| − | | ref1 = <ref name=JDB/>
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| − | | |
| − | | region2 = {{flag|Pakistan}}
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| − | | pop2 = 178,097,000
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| − | | ref2 = <ref name="pewmuslim1" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region3 = {{flag|India}}
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| − | | pop3 = 176,200,000
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| − | | ref3 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region4 = {{flag|Bangladesh}}
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| − | | pop4 = 134,430,000
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| − | | ref4 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region5 = {{nowrap|{{flag|Nigeria}}}}
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| − | | pop5 = 77,300,000
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| − | | ref5 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region6 = {{flag|Egypt}}
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| − | | pop6 = 76,990,000
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| − | | ref6 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region7 = {{flag|Iran}}
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| − | | pop7 = 73,570,000
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| − | | ref7 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region8 = {{flag|Turkey}}
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| − | | pop8 = 71,330,000
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| − | | ref8 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region9 = {{flag|Algeria}}
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| − | | pop9 = 34,730,000
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| − | | ref9 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region10 = {{flag|Morocco}}
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| − | | pop10 = 31,930,000
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| − | | ref10 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region11 = {{flag|Iraq}}
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| − | | pop11 = 31,340,000
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| − | | ref11 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region12 = {{flag|Afghanistan}}
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| − | | pop12 = 31,330,000
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| − | | ref12 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region13 = {{flag|Sudan}}
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| − | | pop13 = 30,490,000
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| − | | ref13 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region14 = {{flag|Ethiopia}}
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| − | | pop14 = 28,680,000
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| − | | ref14 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region15 = {{flag|Uzbekistan}}
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| − | | pop15 = 26,550,000
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| − | | ref15 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region16 = {{flag|Saudi Arabia}}
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| − | | pop16 = 25,520,000
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| − | | ref16 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region17 = {{flag|PRC}}
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| − | | pop17 = 24,690,000
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| − | | ref17 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region18 = {{flag|Yemen}}
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| − | | pop18 = 23,830,000
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| − | | ref18 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region19 = {{flag|Syria}}
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| − | | pop19 = 18,930,000
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| − | | ref19 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region20 = {{flag|Malaysia}}
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| − | | pop20 = 18,100,000
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| − | | ref20 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | |
| − | | region21 = 其他地区
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| − | | pop21 = 287,230,000
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| − | | ref21 = <ref name="JDB" />
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| − | | languages = {{Plainlist|
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| − | * '''主要日常语言：'''<ref>{{cite report |url = http://media.johnwiley.com.au/product_data/excerpt/47/04706745/0470674547-196.pdf |title=Chapter 1: Global Religious Populations, 1910–2010 |last1=Grim |first1=Brian J. |last2=Johnson |first2=Todd M. |year = 2013 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |access-date=10 March 2017 |page=22 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020100448/http://media.johnwiley.com.au/product_data/excerpt/47/04706745/0470674547-196.pdf |archivedate=20 October 2013 }}</ref><br />{{Hlist|[[阿拉伯语]]|[[孟加拉语]]|[[印地语]]|[[乌尔都语]]|[[旁遮普语]]|[[土耳其语]]|[[爪哇语]]|[[豪萨语]]|[[马来语]]|[[波斯语]]|[[巽他语]]}}
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| − | }}
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| − | '''宗教语言：'''<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Al-Jallad|first=Ahmad |title = Polygenesis in the Arabic Dialects |url = http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-arabic-language-and-linguistics/polygenesis-in-the-arabic-dialects-EALL_SIM_000030?s.num=1&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopedia-of-arabic-language-and-linguistics&s.q=neo-arabic |language = en }}</ref><br />[[古典阿拉伯语]]
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| − | | scriptures = [[古兰经]]<ref name="Britannica">{{cite encyclopedia |last=Nasr |first=Seyyed Hossein |title=Qurʼān |year=2007 |encyclopedia = Encyclopædia Britannica Online |accessdate=4 November 2007|location=|publisher=|url = http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-68890/Quran }}</ref>
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| − | | religions = 65–75% [[逊尼派]]<ref name=Distrib>{{cite web |title = Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Muslim Population |url = http://www.pewforum.org/files/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf |date=October 2009 |publisher=Pew Research Center |accessdate=22 February 2017|quote=Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims.}}</ref>{{NoteTag|此处参考资料显示逊尼派占比87–90%，所有无教派穆斯林（15–20%）被归入其中。|name="Denied"}}<br />
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| − | 10–13% [[什叶派]]<ref name="Distrib" /><br />
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| − | 15–20% [[无教派穆斯林]]<ref name="affiliation">{{cite web |url = http://www.pewforum.org/2012/08/09/the-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-1-religious-affiliation/#identity |title = Chapter 1: Religious Affiliation|date=9 August 2012|work=The World’s Muslims: Unity and Diversity |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]'s Religion & Public Life Project|accessdate=4 September 2013}}</ref><br />
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| − | ~1% [[阿赫迈底亚]]
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| − | ~1% 其他教派，如[[伊巴德派]]<ref name=affiliation/>
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| − | }}
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| − | {{Islam}}
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| − | '''穆斯林'''（{{lang-ar|'''مسلم'''}} ），即信仰[[伊斯兰教]]者，也是伊斯兰信徒的自称。“穆斯林”一词音译自阿拉伯语“{{lang|ar| مسلم}} ”，其原意为“顺从（信仰）者”<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Muslim |title=Muslim |website = etymonline.com }}</ref>。 | |
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| − | [[File:Halaq at Masjid al-Haram, 6 April 2015, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.jpg|缩略图|左|[[沙地阿拉伯]]的穆斯林|400px]] [[File:Culmination of prayer - Flickr - Al Jazeera English.jpg|thumb|left|什叶派穆斯林。|400px]]
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| | 伊斯兰教是[[世界三大宗教]]之一，也是当代发展最快的国际性的宗教之一，属[[亚伯拉罕诸教|亚伯拉罕系]][[一神教]]。全世界大约有16亿穆斯林，大约佔全地球人口的25%。在不同国家和地区，穆斯林佔当地人口比率各有不同，如在[[北非]]、[[西亚]]、[[中亚]]、[[南亚]]、[[东南亚]]的很多国家均是多数，而在东亚、[[欧洲]]、[[美洲]]、[[大洋洲]]则是少数。 | | 伊斯兰教是[[世界三大宗教]]之一，也是当代发展最快的国际性的宗教之一，属[[亚伯拉罕诸教|亚伯拉罕系]][[一神教]]。全世界大约有16亿穆斯林，大约佔全地球人口的25%。在不同国家和地区，穆斯林佔当地人口比率各有不同，如在[[北非]]、[[西亚]]、[[中亚]]、[[南亚]]、[[东南亚]]的很多国家均是多数，而在东亚、[[欧洲]]、[[美洲]]、[[大洋洲]]则是少数。 |
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| | 由于[[中国伊斯兰教|伊斯兰教在中国]]长期被教外人士称为[[回教]]、[[绿教]]，故穆斯林也被称为[[回教徒]]、[[绿教徒]]。 | | 由于[[中国伊斯兰教|伊斯兰教在中国]]长期被教外人士称为[[回教]]、[[绿教]]，故穆斯林也被称为[[回教徒]]、[[绿教徒]]。 |
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| − | [[File:Islam percent population in each nation World Map Muslim data by Pew Research.svg|thumb|300px|穆斯林人口占所在地区的百分比（[[皮尤研究中心]]，2014年）]]
| + | 在部分穆斯林国家中 ，女性地位大多低微，工作的主要是女性<ref>[https://www.mings-fashion.com/%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B%E5%93%A5-%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97-%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E6%99%82%E8%A3%9D-198502/ 摩洛哥摄影师 MOUS LAMRABAT 歌颂穿「神秘面纱」的女性：化身成刚强、胆壮与优雅雕塑品]</ref>。 |
| − | | |
| − | 在部分穆斯林国家中 � ，女性地位大多低微，工作的主要是女性<ref>[https://www.mings-fashion.com/%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B%E5%93%A5-%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97-%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E6%99%82%E8%A3%9D-198502/ 摩洛哥摄影师 MOUS LAMRABAT 歌颂穿「神秘面纱」的女性：化身成刚强、胆壮与优雅雕塑品]</ref>。 | |
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| | == 注释 == | | == 注释 == |
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| | == 参考文献 == | | == 参考文献 == |
| | {{Reflist}} | | {{Reflist}} |
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| − | == 外部链接 ==
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| − | {{Commons category|Muslims}}
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| | == 参见 == | | == 参见 == |
| − | {{Portal box| 伊斯兰教}}
| + | * 伊斯兰教 |
| | * 非穆斯林：[[齐米]]、[[卡菲勒]] | | * 非穆斯林：[[齐米]]、[[卡菲勒]] |
| | * [[穆民]] | | * [[穆民]] |
| | * [[穆斯林民族]] | | * [[穆斯林民族]] |
| | * [[伊斯兰黄金时代]] | | * [[伊斯兰黄金时代]] |
| − | * {{cite book zh |title= 《[[穆斯林的葬礼]]》 |author=[[霍达 (作家)|霍达]]}} | + | * 《[[穆斯林的葬礼]]》[[霍达 (作家)|霍达]] |
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| − | {{-}}
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| − | {{伊斯兰教主题}}
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| − | {{Authority control}}
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| − | [[Category:穆斯林| ]]
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| − | [[Category:伊斯兰教|Muslim]]
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| − | [[Category:古兰经词彙|Muslim]]
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