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'''穆罕默德'''（[[阿拉伯语]]：'''{{rtl-lang|ar|محمّد}}''' {{transl|阿拉伯语|ISO 233|''Muḥammad''}}；{{bd|571年|4月24日|632年|6月7日}}）<ref name=Goldman>Elizabeth Goldman (1995), p. 63 gives 8 June 632, the dominant Islamic tradition. Many earlier, mainly non-Islamic traditions refer to him as still alive at the time of the invasion of Palestine. See Stephen J. Shoemaker,''The Death of a Prophet: The End of Muhammad's Life and the Beginnings of Islam,'' University of Pennsylvania Press, 2011.</ref><ref>[http://www.2muslim.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=434856&highlight=%C4%C2%BA%B1%C4%AC%B5%C2%2B%C9%FA%C6%BD 关于先知穆罕默德生平中几个重要年代之管见] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019002920/http://www.2muslim.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread |date=2014-10-19 }}[http://www.2muslim.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=582344&highlight=%C2%ED%B1%F3 北京大学教授 马斌] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019002920/http://www.2muslim.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread |date=2014-10-19 }}</ref>，全名是'''阿布·卡西木·穆罕默德·本·阿布杜拉·本·阿布杜勒-穆塔利卜·本·哈希姆'''（'''{{rtl-lang|ar|ابو القاسم محمد ابن عبد الله ابن عبد المطلب ابن هاشم}}''' ''{{transl|阿拉伯语|ISO 233|Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim}}''），是[[伊斯兰教]]的[[创始人]]，同时也是一位[[政治家]]、[[軍事家]]和社會改革者<ref>{{Google books|WgMerGqwcJMC| The Leadership of Muhammad}} by John Adair</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Lamptey|first=Jerusha|date=5 October 2012|url=http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2012/10/04/is-islam-an-obstacle-to-democracy/from-its-earliest-days-islam-respects-plurality|title=From Its Earliest Days, Islam Respects Plurality|work=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=6 November 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.politicalislam.com/blog/mohammed/ |title=Mohammed |accessdate=6 November 2012 |author=Bill Warner |publisher=Political Islam|date=August 2010}}</ref>。他成功地使[[阿拉伯半島]]的各部落在伊斯兰一神教下统一。除了[[阿赫迈底亚]]的[[穆斯林]]以外，穆斯林认为他是 「[[ 真主]]」 派遣到人类的最後[[使者]]、先知和天啟宗教復興者。其他的使者分别为阿丹（亚当）、努哈（诺亚），易卜拉欣（亚伯拉罕）、穆萨（摩西）、尔萨（耶稣），[[中國]]的穆斯林普遍尊称之为穆圣。