變更

{{noteTA | G1=ML}}{{Infobox ocean| ocean_name = 印度洋| image_ocean = Indianocean.png| caption_ocean = 印度洋范围| image_bathymetry = Indian Ocean surface.jpg| caption_bathymetry = 印度洋地形图| location = | coords = | type = | inflow = [[三比西河]]、[[阿拉伯河]]、[[印度河]]、[[恒河]]、[[布拉马普特拉河]]、[[伊洛瓦底江]]| outflow = | catchment_km2 = | basin_countries = {{Collapsible list|title=印度洋周边国家|{{Collapsible list|title=非洲 |{{flag|Comoros}}|{{flag|Djibouti}}|{{flag|Egypt}} ([[西奈半岛]])| {{flag|Eritrea}}| {{flag|Kenya}}| {{flag|Madagascar}}| {{flag|Mauritius}}| ''{{flag|Mayotte}}''| {{flag|Mozambique}}| ''{{flag|Réunion}}''| {{flag|Seychelles}}| {{flag|Somalia}}| {{flag|South Africa}}| {{flag|Sudan}}| {{flag|Tanzania}}}}{{Collapsible list|title=亚洲 |{{flag|Bahrain}}| {{flag|Bangladesh}}| ''{{IOT}}''| {{flag|Burma}}| {{flag|East Timor}}| {{flag|India}}| {{flag|Indonesia}}| {{flag|Iran}}| {{flag|Iraq}}| {{flag|Israel}}| {{flag|Jordan}}| {{flag|Kuwait}}| {{flag|Malaysia}}| {{flag|Maldives}}| {{flag|Oman}}| {{flag|Pakistan}}| {{flag|Qatar}}| {{flag|Saudi Arabia}}| {{flag|Sri Lanka}}| {{flag|Thailand}}| {{flag|United Arab Emirates}}| {{flag|Yemen}}}}{{Collapsible list|title=大洋洲 |{{flag|Australia}}| ''{{flag|Ashmore and Cartier Islands}}''| ''{{CCK}}''| ''{{CXR}}''| ''{{ATF}}''| ''{{flag|HMD}}''}}}}| length_km = | width_km = 10000| area_km2 = 73556000| depth_m = 3890| max-depth_m = 8047| volume_km3 = 292131000| residence_time = | temperature_high_C =| temperature_low_C = | salinity = 32-37/1000| shore_km = 66600| islands = '''[[大陆岛]]'''<br />[[马达加斯加岛]]、[[斯里兰卡岛]]、[[安达曼群岛]]、[[尼科巴群岛]]、[[明打威群岛]]等<br />'''[[火山岛]]'''<br />[[留尼汪岛]]、[[科摩罗群岛]]、[[阿姆斯特丹岛]]、[[克罗泽群岛]]、[[凯尔盖朗群岛]]等<br />'''[[珊瑚岛]]'''<br />[[拉克沙群岛]]、[[马尔代夫群岛]]、[[查戈斯群岛]]、[[圣诞岛]]、[[科科斯（基林）群岛|科科斯群岛]]等| cities = | trenches = | benches = | frozen = | reference = <ref>http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/ocean/</ref><ref name="Bibliography">{{cite book|last=Donald W. Gotthold|first=Julia J. Gotthold|title=Indian Ocean: Bibliography|publisher=Clio Press|year=1988|isbn=1851090347|url=http://books.google.com/?id=ujoRAAAAYAAJ&q=292,131,000+cubic+kilometers&dq=292,131,000+cubic+kilometers}}</ref><ref name="Indian Ocean Geography">[http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/OCEAN_PLANET/HTML/oceanography_geography_Indian.html Indian Ocean Geography] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020023537/http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/OCEAN_PLANET/HTML/oceanography_geography_Indian.html |date=2011-10-20 }}, excerpted from: The World Factbook 1994, Central Intelligence Agency</ref>}}{{五大洋}} '''印度洋''' （{{lang-en|Indian （Indian Ocean}} ），位于[[亚洲]]、[[非洲]]、[[大洋洲]]和[[南极洲]]之间<ref name="中国大百科全书1">毛汉英《印度洋》，《中国大百科全书》条目</ref>，[[印度]]位在印度洋北部的中央位置，这也是印度洋名称的由来<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=indian+ocean&searchmode=none |title=Online Etymology Dictionary|last=Harper|first=Douglas|work=[[Online Etymology Dictionary]]|accessdate=18 January 2011}}</ref><ref>[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=pTR2AAAAMAAJ Indo-American relations : foreign policy orientations and perspectives of P.V. Narasimha Rao and Bill Clinton] By Anand Mathur; Page 138 ''“India occupies the central position in the Indian Ocean region that is why the Ocean was named after India”''</ref>，印度洋大部分在[[南半球]]。总面积7491万[[平方公里]]，约占[[世界]][[海洋]]总[[面积]]的21.1%<ref name="Rasul">{{cite book |author = Rasul Bux Rais |authorlink = :en:Rasul Baksh Rais |title= The Indian Ocean and the Superpowers |publisher=Routledge |year=1986 |id = ISBN 0709942419, ISBN 9780709942412 |url = http://books.google.com/?id=2pMOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA33&dq=Indian+Ocean+20%25}}</ref>，是世界第三大洋<ref name="中国大百科全书1" />。印度洋的范围北至[[印度次大陆]]及[[阿拉伯半岛]]（[[南亚]]及[[西亚]]）；西达[[东非]]；东侧则以[[印度尼西亚]]、[[巽他群岛]]及[[澳大利亚]]为界；南迄[[南冰洋]]（也有定义至[[南极洲]]）。印度洋西面于开始于[[厄加勒斯角]]的东经20°处与大西洋相接，东面于东经146°55'处与太平洋相接。<ref>[http://www.iho.shom.fr/publicat/free/files/S23_1953.pdf ''Limits of Oceans and Seas'']. International Hydrographic Organization Special Publication No. 23, 1953.</ref>印度洋的最北边大概为[[波斯湾]]内北纬30°处。印度洋的宽度有将近{{Convert|10000|km|0}}（从非洲南部尖端到澳大利亚之间），它的总面积大约为{{Convert|73556000|sqkm|0}}<ref>[http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/ocean/ Earth's Oceans]. EnchantedLearning.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-16.</ref>，包括[[红海]]和[[波斯湾]]。印度洋的水量大约为{{Convert|70086000|cumi|0}}<ref name="Bibliography" />。

<!--[[File:Indian Ocean bathymetry srtm.png|thumb|印度洋的[[测深学|等深线图]]]]非洲，印度和南极的地壳[[板块构造论|板块]]在印度洋的{{link-en|罗德里格斯三向联结构造|Rodrigues Triple Point}}处汇合。->

非洲，印度和南极的地壳[[板块构造论|板块]]在印度洋的罗德里格斯三向联结构造(Rodrigues Triple Point)处汇合。 印度洋的[[大陆棚]]较为狭窄，扣除澳大利亚西海岸较宽广的大陆棚区（平均宽度1000公里），其他地区的大陆棚平均宽度为200公里。平均深度为3,890[[公尺]]，最大深度为[[蒂阿曼蒂那海沟]]（Diamantina Trench），达8,047公尺；而[[爪哇海沟]]（深度7,258–7,725公尺）曾长期被认为是印度洋最深的[[海沟]]<ref name="Indian Ocean Geography"/>。