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小霍雷肖·阿尔杰

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小霍雷肖·阿尔杰英语:Horatio Alger, Jr,1832年1月13日-1899年7月18日)是19世纪的一位多产的美国作家,以少年小说而闻名。

爱尔杰出生在新英格兰沿海城市马萨诸塞州的切尔西市[1][2]。1848年,16岁的他进入哈佛学院学习。[3]17岁,他成为一名专业作家。毕业后,曾在波士顿杂志做编辑工作。此后做过家庭教师和记者。

爱尔杰是一个早熟的男孩,患有近视和支气管哮喘[4][5]

1899年7月18日因哮喘死于姐姐家中。

风格和主题

阿尔杰小说的风格大多一致,均描述着一个贫穷的少年是如何通过其正直、努力、少许运气以及坚持不懈最终取得成功。

影响

阿尔杰创作颠峰时期,正值美国由农业社会到工业社会转型的艰难过渡期。历史学家认为,阿尔杰的作品绝不仅局限于其有趣的故事本身。小说中描述的通过自身的努力以获得成功的主人公,给予了大量当时美国穷人力量,信心及动力去更加刻苦工作来换取成功。

作品

题目 日期 类型
"Voices of the Past" 1849
Fair HarvardFair Harvard 1852
"A Welcome to May" 1853
Bertha's Christmas Vision: An Autumn Sheaf 1856 诗歌和短篇小说
Nothing to Do: A Tilt at Our Best Society 1857 Poem.
Nothing To Eat 1857
He Has Gone, and I Have Sent Him! 1862
Marie Bertrand 1864 成人小说
Frank's Campaign; or, What Boys Can Do on the Farm for the Camp 1864 少年小说
Paul Prescott's Charge: A Story for Boys 1865 少年小说
Charlie Codman's Cruise: A Story for Boys 1866 少年小说
Helen Ford 1866 成人小说
Timothy Crump's Ward; or, The New Years Loan, And What Became of It 1866 成人小说
John Maynard: A Ballad of Lake Erie 1868
Ragged Dick; or, Street Life in New York with the BootblacksRagged Dick 1868 少年小说
Fame and Fortune; or, The Progress of Richard Hunter 1868 少年小说
Struggling Upward; or, Luke Larkin's Luck 1868 少年小说
Luck and Pluck; or, John Oakley's Inheritance 1869 少年小说
Mark the Match Boy; or, Richard Hunter's Ward 1869 少年小说
Rough and Ready; or, Life Among the New York Newsboys 1869 少年小说
Ralph Raymond's Heir; or, The Merchant's Crime 1869 短篇小说
Ben The Luggage Boy; or, Among the Wharves 1870 少年小说
Rufus and Rose; or, The Fortunes of Rough and Ready 1870 少年小说
Sink or Swim; or, Harry Raymond's Resolve 1870 少年小说
Paul the Peddler; or the Fortunes of a Young Street Merchant 1871 少年小说
Strong and Steady; or, Paddle Your Own Canoe 1871 少年小说
Tattered Tom; or, The Story of a Street Arab 1871 少年小说
"Friar Anselmo" 1872
Phil the Fiddler; or, The Story of a Young Street Musician 1872 少年小说
Slow and Sure; The Story of Paul Hoffman the Young Street-Merchant 1872 少年小说
Strive and Succeed; or, The Progress of Walter Conrad 1872 少年小说
Bound to Rise; or, Up the Ladder 1873 少年小说
Try and Trust; or, The Story of a Bound Boy 1873 少年小说
Brave and Bold; or, The Fortunes of Robert Rushton 1874 少年小说
Julius; or, The Street Boy Out West 1874 少年小说
Risen from the Ranks; or, Harry Walton's Success 1874 少年小说
Grand'ther Baldwin's Thanksgiving 1875
Herbert Carter's Legacy; or, The Inventor's Son 1875 少年小说
Jack's Ward; or, The Boy Guardian 1875 少年小说
Seeking His Fortune, And Other Dialogues 1875
St. Nicholas 1875
The Young Outlaw; or, Adrift In The Streets 1875 少年小说
Sam's Chance; and How He Improved It 1876 少年小说
Shifting for Himself; or, Gilbert Greyson's Fortunes 1876 少年小说
Life of Edwin Forrest 1877 传记
The New Schoolma'am; or, A Summer in North Sparta 1877 成人中篇小说
Wait and Hope; or, Ben Bradford's Motto 1877 少年小说
The Western Boy; or, The Road to Success 1878
The Young Adventurer; or, Tom's Trip Across the Plains 1878 少年小说
The Telegraph Boy 1879 少年小说
The Young Miner; or, Tom Nelson in California 1879 少年小说
Tony the Hero 1880
The Young Explorer; or, Among the Sierras 1880 少年小说
From Canal Boy to President; or, The Boyhood and Manhood of James A. Garfield 1881 传记
Ben's Nugget; or, A Boy's Search for Fortune 1882 少年小说
From Farm Boy to Senator: Being the History of the Boyhood and Manhood of Daniel Webster 1882 传记
Abraham Lincoln: the Backwoods Boy; or, How A Young Rail-Splitter Became President 1883 传记
The Train Boy 1883
The Young Circus Rider; or, The Mystery of Robert Rudd 1883
Dan, the Detective 1884
Do and Dare; or A Brave Boy's Fight for Fortune 1884
Hector's Inheritance; or, The Boys of Smith Institute 1885
Helping Himself; or, Grant Thornton's Ambition 1886
Frank Fowler, the Cash Boy 1887
Number 91; or, The Adventures of a New York Telegraph Boy 1887
The Store Boy; or, The Fortunes of Ben Barclay 1887
Bob Burton; or, The Young Ranchman of the Missouri 1888
The Errand Boy; or, How Phil Brent Won Success 1888
Tom Temple's Career 1888
Tom Thatcher's Fortune 1888
Tom Tracy 1888
The Young Acrobat of the Great North American Circus 1888 少年小说
Luke Walton; or, The Chicago Newsboy 1889
The Erie Train Boy 1890
Five Hundred Dollars; or, Jacob Marlowe's Secret 1890
Mark Stanton 1890
Ned Newton; or, The Fortunes of a New York Bootblack 1890 少年小说
A New York Boy 1890
The Odds Against Him; or, Carl Crawford's Experience 1890
Dean Dunham; or, The Waterford Mystery 1891
Digging for Gold. A Story of California 1892
The Young Boatman of Pine Point 1892
Cast Upon the Breakers 1893
Facing the World; or, The Haps and Mishaps of Harry Vane 1893
In a New World; or, Among the Gold-Fields of Australia 1893
Only an Irish Boy; Or, Andy Burke's Fortunes and Misfortunes 1894
Victor Vane, The Young Secretary 1894
The Disagreeable Woman; A Social Mystery 1895 成人小说
Frank Hunter's Peril 1896
The Young Salesman 1896
Frank and Fearless; or, The Fortunes of Jasper Kent 1897
Walter Sherwood's Probation 1897
A Boy's Fortune; or, The Strange Adventures of Ben Baker 1898
The Young Bank Messenger 1898
Jed the Poorhouse Boy 1899 少年小说
Mark Mason's Victory; or, The Trials and Triumphs of a Telegraph Boy 1899
Rupert's Ambition 1899
Silas Snobden's Office Boy 1899
A Debt of Honor. The Story of Gerald Lane's Success in the Far West 1900
Falling in With Fortune; or, The Experiences of a Young Secretary 1900
Out for Business; or, Robert Frost's Strange Career 1900
Ben Bruce. Scenes in the Life of a Bowery Newsboy 1901
Lester's Luck 1901
Nelson the Newsboy; or, Afloat in New York 1901
Tom Brace: Who He Was and How He Fared 1901
Young Captain Jack; or, The Son of a Soldier 1901 少年小说
Adrift in the City; or, Oliver Conrad's Plucky Fight 1902
Andy Grant's Pluck 1902
A Rolling Stone; or, The Adventures of a Wanderer 1902
Striving for Fortune; or, Walter Griffith's Trials and Successes 1902
Tom Turner's Legacy 1902
The World Before Him 1902
Bernard Brooks' Adventures. The Story of a Brave Boy's Trials 1903
Chester Rand; or, A New Path to Fortune 1903
Forging Ahead 1903
Adrift in New York; or, Tom and Florence Braving the World 1904
Finding a Fortune 1904
Jerry the Backwoods Boy; or, The Parkhurst Treasure 1904
Lost at Sea; or, Robert Roscoe's Strange Cruise 1904
From Farm to Fortune; or Nat Nason's Strange Experience 1905
Making His Mark 1905
Mark Manning's Mission. The Story of a Shoe Factory Boy 1905
The Young Book Agent; or, Frank Hardy's Road to Success 1905
Joe the Hotel Boy, or Winning Out by Pluck 1906
Randy of the River; or, The Adventures of a Young Deckhand 1906
The Young Musician; or, Fighting His Way 1906
Ben Logan's Triumph; or, The Boys of Boxwood Academy 1908
Wait and Win. The Story of Jack Drummond's Pluck 1908
Robert Coverdale's Struggle; or, On the Wave of Success 1910
Joe's Luck; or Always Wide Awake 1913
The Cousin's Conspiracy
In Search of Treasure. The Story of Guy's Eventful Voyage

注释

  1. Hoyt 1974, pp. 7,9
  2. Scharnhorst 1980, p. 17-8
  3. Scharnhorst 1985, p. 14
  4. http://www.online-literature.com/horatio-alger/
  5. Scharnhorst 1985, pp. 10–

参考文献

研究资源

进一步阅读

  • Nackenoff, Carol. "The Horatio Alger Myth". In Myth America: A Historical Anthology, Volume II. 1997. Gerster, Patrick, and Cords, Nicholas. (editors.) Brandywine Press, St. James, NY. ISBN 1-881089-97-5
  • Scharnhorst, Gary; Bales, Jack. Horatio Alger, Jr.: An Annotated Bibliography of Comment and Criticism. Scarecrow Press. 1981. ISBN 978-0-8108-1387-8. 

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