雲南崖爬藤檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
| 雲南崖爬藤 |
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中文學名:雲南崖爬藤 拉丁學名:Tetrastigma yunnanense Gagnep 界:植物界 種:雲南崖爬藤 花 期:4月 |
雲南崖爬藤(yún nán yá pá téng，學名 Tetrastigma yunnanense Gagnep.，異名：Tetrastigma yunnanense var. pubipes )，草質或半木質藤本。小枝圓柱形，有縱棱紋，疏被柔毛，不久脫落幾無毛。卷鬚4-9集生成傘形，相隔2節間斷與葉對生。生溪邊林中，產自雲南、西藏。 [1]
雲南崖爬藤形態特徵
草質或半木質藤本。小枝圓柱形，有縱棱紋，疏被柔毛，不久脫落幾無毛。卷鬚4-9集生成傘形，相隔2節間斷與葉對生。生溪邊林中，海拔1200-2500米。
葉為掌狀5小葉，小葉倒卵橢圓形、菱狀卵形、倒卵披針形或披針形，長2-10厘米，寬1-5厘米，頂端漸尖、急尖稀圓鈍，基部楔形，邊緣每側有6-8個鋸齒或牙齒，齒頂端細長並着生在粗齒緣者邊緣呈波狀，齒頂端急尖者邊緣呈鋸齒狀，上面綠色，光滑無毛，下面淺綠色，無毛；
側脈6-7對，網脈不明顯；葉柄長3-9(11)厘米，無毛或疏被柔毛；托葉顯著，卵圓形，褐色，宿存。花序為復傘形花序，假頂生或與葉相對着生於側枝近頂端，稀腋生，長2-8厘米，比葉柄長、近等長或較葉柄短；
花梗長1.5-4毫米，無毛或疏被短柔毛；花蕾卵圓形或倒卵圓形，高2-3毫米，頂端圓形；萼淺碟形，邊緣呈波狀，外面無毛；花瓣4，卵圓形或卵橢圓形，高1.8-2.7毫米，頂端呈風帽狀，無毛；
雄蕊4,花葯卵圓形，長寬近相等，在雌花中不發達；花盤在雄花中發達，在雌花中較薄，與子房下部合生；子房錐形，花柱短，柱頭擴大，4淺裂。
果實球形，直徑0.8-1厘米，有種子1-2顆；種子橢圓形，頂端圓形，基部有短喙，背面微凹，種臍在種子中部呈橢圓形，上部略狹，中棱脊突出，腹側扁，中棱脊突出，兩側窪穴網紋狀，主溝不明顯。 花期4月，果期10-11月。 [2]
Tetrastigma yunnanense Gagnep. in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1: 270. 1910; W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17 (3): 93. 1979 in clavi; 中國高等植物圖鑑補編 2: 364. 1983; 雲南種子植物名錄上冊 803. 1984.——T. yunnanense Gagnep. var. pubipes W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17 (3) : 84 et 93. 1979.
英文介紹
Lianas, semiwoody. Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges; tendrils digitately 4-9-branched. Leaves palmately 5-foliolate; stipules conspicuous, brown, oval, persistent; petiole 3-9(-11) cm; leaflets obovate-elliptic, rhombic-ovate, lanceolate, or obovate-lanceolate, 2-10 × 1-5 cm, lateral veins 6 or 7 pairs, veinlets inconspicuous, base cuneate, margin undulate and 6-8-toothed on each side, apex acuminate, or acute, rarely rounded. Compound umbel pseudoterminal, or leaf-opposed, rarely axillary, 2-8 cm. Pedicel 1.5-4 mm. Buds oval or obovoid, 2-3 mm, apex rounded. Calyx shallow and saucer-shaped, margin undulate. Petals oval or ovate-elliptic, 1.8-2.7 mm, apex rounded. Stamens with oval anthers, undeveloped in female flowers. Disk conspicuous in male flowers, thin in female flowers. Ovary coniform, lower part adnate to disk; style short; stigma expanded, 4-lobed. Berry spheroid, 8-10 mm in diam., 1- or 2-seeded. Seeds elliptic, flat, base rostrate, apex rounded. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Sep-Nov.
● Forests by rivers, shrublands on hillsides; 1200-2600 m. Xizang, Yunnan.
Tetrastigma yunnanense var. glabrum W. T. Wang (Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 6(4): 23. 1986), described from Yunnan, could not be treated here because no material was seen by the authors.
雲南崖爬藤生長環境
生長於溪邊林中。